history of one of the transports of Bogotá

In 1967 there were in Bogota 2.679 buses which transported 1.629.254 passengers, on average, per day.At this time, when the city was a little more than one million inhabitants and had 8,000 hectares, the service was relatively reasonable and comfortable. But as the city grew and reached more than five million inhabitants and more than 30,000 hectares extension, not only substantially increased the fleet to more than 20,000 vehicles, but anarchy, chaos, inefficiency, discomfort, and pollution were multiplied.From the 1960s until the 1990s, transport borne, in the vast majority of private, anarchic way of entrepreneurs, uncomfortable, expensive and unsustainable and, since the mid-1980s and, above all, at the end of 1990s, making crisis.This crisis is the result of the simple expansion of the city, the increase of the population and the fleet maintained the road infrastructure of the time.By the end of the 20th century the situation was critical. There was a true system of urban public transportation that could serve as an alternative to the private car - which encouraged even more use - and the city recorded low levels of competitiveness in Latin America and an unsatisfactory quality of life for the vast majority of its inhabitants.The administrations of mayors Andrés Pastrana (1988-1990) and Jaime Castro (1992-1994), as well as the first of Antanas Mockus (1995-1997), made proposals to solve the problem of public transport, with limited results. It was during the mayoralty of this last when persistent talk of the possibility of establishing a system of mass transport that contributed to remedy the problems of mobility in Bogota.el Mayor Enrique Peñalosa (1998-2000) included in its programme of Government, as a priority project, offer a solution to the problem of public transport to the city. Consequently, in the implementation of the plan of development by the Bogotá that we want in terms of mobility and in a concrete way to the mass transit system project, determined the construction of a special infrastructure of specific and exclusive to your operation, from stem brokers specialized, equipped with single-use Rails, stations, bridges, bike paths and pavilions for special pedestrian accessdesigned to facilitate the use of the system to the user.As a result, and based on the studies carried out during the first term of Mayor Antanas Mockus by the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), which determined that the metro was not the most desirable short-term option, as only fifteen or twenty years it would take a line and that its cost was ten times greater than the alternative of articulated busesdecided, as the solution to the problem of public transport the creation of the TransMilenio system, based on four pilar:respeto to life, represented in a comfortable, safe and modern service.Respect to the time of the people, with a transportation system that meets minimum standards of quality in terms of itineraries and travel time.Respect for diversity citizen, as was to become a transportation system in which converge the different social classes without preferences of any kind and, on the other hand, equal treatment.International quality, complying with the minimum requirements specified by the transport engineering to provide a comfortable, safe and effective service.After quite a few disadvantages, including opposition from some Councillors and businessmen of transport, the Council of Bogota approved the project for the creation of the system by the 04 agreement of 1999, which authorized the Mayor, on behalf of Bogotá D.C., to participate jointly with other entities of the district order in the Constitution of the company of transport of third Millennium, TRANSMILENIO S.A., given on 13 October 1999 as a society by actions, in the form of joint-stock company of a commercial nature with public contributions.TRANSMILENIO S.A. is the management body of the system, the entity responsible for coordinating different stakeholders, plan, manage and control the delivery of the public service of urban mass transport of passengers, and is responsible for the efficient and permanent provision of the service. So as of December 18, 2000, opened the first route which began operations with 14 buses between the streets eighty and sixth by the troncal Caracas. During this period the trunks surrendered: Autonorte Calle 80 and Caracas.En the second period of administration of Mayor Antanas Mockus (2001-2003) included in the Bogota development plan to live all on the same side, the goal of reducing by 20% times of displacement of people in the city and the priority projects were three new stem mass transport: Americas, NQS and Avenida Suba.Durante administration of current Mayor Gustavo Petro, entered to operate the backbones of the Eldorado Avenue and the race 10th.The system currently 115.5 km track in trunk in operation, 11 main line in operation, 131 stations, 9 portals and 9 yard garages. Mobilizes on average 1.926.985 daily passengers covering 30% of the demand for public transport to Bogotá. In addition system has its service 9 cicloparqueaderos with 2.187 posts in total. Safe, comfortable and accessible spaces for all persons who use the bicycle as a formal alternative transportation for daily mobility. The benefits of the TransMilenio system for the city and its inhabitants are undeniable: there is less pollution and more safety; sectors of the city that were very damaged; were markedly improved the accident rate decreased, is reduced travel times and improved the quality of life of all citizens.Integrated system of transport groupware part of the mobility Master Plan, the chart of the city on the issue, establishes the structuring of the new integrated system of public transport of Bogotá (SITP), as an instrument which guarantees to improve the quality of life of citizens, optimizing service levels for journeys carried out in the city. The SITP is a system organized and composed of different transport services (urban, special, complementary, trunk, feeder and other modes of transport which will be implemented) seeking the effective coverage of transportation in Bogota.en the same line which at the time meant the introduction of the TransMilenio system, today established itself as a world leader in the field of mobilitySITP from a gradual and controlled implementation, will change the history of the city guarantees the 100% coverage in the provision of the public transport service, will integrate the operation and tariff, will generate benefits for particular populations, technologically adjusted current fleet, will have a unique means of payment via smart card and manage whereabouts established for the arrival and departure of passengers, among other aspects. TRANSMILENIO S.A., as an entity of the district, is the managing body of the SITP and must ensure its operation to meet the demand for public transport in the city of Bogotá with quality, efficiency and sustainability D.C.

COSTUMES TYPICAL OF COLOMBIA

The Colombian people historically originated after the mixture between Spaniards and the inhabitants of this territory since the first were part of the colonization of this southern territory from the 16th century. Since then, a series of cultural groups began to be born with a series of customs, costumes and folk dances. Inside the costumes that stand out within the various regions that make up the Colombian territory, we have:

The Chapolera. It's a typical and emblematic character throughout the Andean region of Colombia. A woman with a huge black skirt carrying tapes of different colors that decorate the dress accompanied by patterned fabrics in a variety of festive colors such as for example the "tutankamen". The Chapolera connotes wealth, status and the best design of the time. Their blouses so white as a dove, with a square or round neckline that included sleeves bombachas, letines, or bands with bodkins, are some of the more salient features of the typical costume.Sanjuanero costume. This costume is also characteristic of the Andean region of Colombia. Sanjuanero costume consists of elaborate white blouse with lace and sequins applications, which is tight-waisted and a skirt of different colors which is decorated with oil-painted or textured silk flowers. The male costume is simpler. Sanjuanero male costume includes hat, shirt White with buttons to Center, decorated lace, and black or white pants.


Santander costume. Within the Colombian peasant costumes excels the Santander peasants. This costume consists of straw hat which must be hand-painted and decorated with ribbons of colors, embroidered shirt, scarves adorning the shoulders and white or black pants.Amazon region. In the Colombian Amazon, women often wear skirt decorated with flowers and white blouse. To decorate clothing, necklaces and earrings are used with indigenous designs. The Amazon region men wear white trousers and shirts of color, stands out the style of dress of fishermen.

culture in colombia

Example of Colombian folk dance.The culture of Colombia is the product of the racial mixture of native Americans, of European whites, especially coming from Spain, and the black Africans brought by the conquerors.The result of the mixture was a multi-ethnic country with cultures and different features according to each region. The Andean Region is dominated by indigenous and European heritage while the Caribbean Region is characterized by indigenous and African, and to a lesser extent European mix. The region that overlooks the Pacific Ocean is characterized by pure black and indigenous cultures.According to statistics, Colombia has 87 indigenous peoples that use any of the 64 native languages. On the other hand, it has several million inhabitants, Afro-Colombian, more than 30 million whites and mestizos, twelve thousand Gypsies, and a large number of immigrants from different places. Without a doubt, we could talk about a melting pot of races getting to live in harmony with respect for ancestral traditions.Map of the cultural areas of Colombia.De diversity in Colombia, we can say that in some places it is losing by not being respected. This complex mixture finds its expression not only in Colombian cuisine, traditions and crafts, but also in their arts from architecture, painting and sculpture to literature, cinema and photography, through music, dance and theatre.Colombia is home to more than 87 indigenous peoples who use 64 native languages from 22 linguistic families; also, several million Afro-Colombians; more than 30 million Métis; of 12 thousand Gypsies and nuclei of immigrants in different regions. In the archipelago of San Andres and Providencia, mostly raizal population speaks Ingles.como result of geographical isolation and difficulty of access between different regions of the country, very distinctive and diverse subregions were developed with the passage of time culturally. Due to the great diversity, it is difficult to group the different subcultures of the country, but they can be considered roughly the most representative.Coastal, located on the Caribe.Paisas coast of Antioquia, the Eje Cafetero, North of the Valle del Cauca and North of the Tolima.Llaneros, belonging to the llanos of the Orinoco and which share border with Venezuela.Santandereanos, belonging to the region Andina Santander and North of Santander.Vallunos, belonging to the Andean region of the Valley of the peaceful Caucaregion, belonging to the Pacific coast, with indigenous populations and Afro.Tolima, belonging to the great Tolima (Tolima and Huila).Nariño, belonging to the Andean region in the Department of Narino bordering Ecuador.amazonicos, belonging to the jungles of the southwest of the country.Sanandresanos, belonging to the Department of the archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina.Cundiboyacenses, located in the interior of the country in the Cundiboyacense.Bogotanos Highlands, cops or rolos, Bogota.ya from pre-Columbian times are the first manifestations of the Colombian culture, which remains of the cultures (ceramics, glassware, figurines) Muisca, Quimbaya (Goldsmith), creator of a treasure of funeral character that is preserved in the Museum of gold in Bogota, and Tayrona with their large villages, farming terraces, stairways, among others, located in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta.

colombia tourism video

TOURISM IN COLOMBIA

Colombia is a very tourist country, turning millions of foreign travelers each year attracted by its beaches, rich cultural and artistic heritage of the country and the variety of gastronomic offers, in addition to being one of the wealthiest nations in cultural heritage of America.torre of the clock in Cartagena de Indias. Cartagena is one of the tourist districts of Colombia and main tourist destination for its historical, cultural, and recreational attractions. Also considered by Unesco as heritage of the Humanidad.En Colombia tourism is regulated within the functions of the Ministry of Commerce, industry and tourism of the Government of Colombia, sometimes with the partnership in implementation of policies of the ministries of culture and finance to promote the economy of the country and generation of employment for the Colombian society. Also to articulate processes of identification, assessment, competitiveness, sustainability and dissemination of Colombian cultural heritage. The Government also appointed within the land of the country the tourist districts of Cartagena de Indias and Santa Marta, and special attention to the archipelago of San Andrés and Providencia Department together with the natural national parks of Colombia and indigenous territories. Beaches of Tayrona Park in immediate vicinity of the tourist district, Cultural and history of Santa Marta. The emphasis of the Government in tourism is made in seven sectors; Sun and sand either on the shores of the Pacific and Atlantic oceans, or on the banks of rivers, lakes and lagoons; highlighting history and culture; agritourism; ecotourism; sports and adventure. Within the framework of cultural fairs and festivals and capital cities of the Department to promote the local economy of sites with potential for development as Capurganá, Bahía Solano-Nuquí, Nemocón and Vaupés. Also promote the partnership between the public and private sectors of the economy, sharing investment demanded a promotion and a professional marketing of the country.To achieve this the Colombian Government designed marketing campaigns and advertising as the current response is colombia. This campaign makes special emphasis on the promotion of the Department of Meta, the island of Malpelo, the Los Ocarros in Villavicencio, the Chicamocha National Park in the Department of Santander, the beaches of Tayrona Park in Santa Marta that received the second place among the 10 sites of dream of the planet and the Museum of gold from the Bank of the Republicunique and without parallel in the world for its kind in ten different places in the country.Most of the foreign tourists who visit Colombia come from neighbouring countries of Latin America and the Caribbean, North America and Europe. Foreigners according to figures of the Ministry of Commerce, industry and tourism in 2006 entered the country close to two million people, most of them arriving by air, followed by land and sea routes which highlighted increases in arrivals of cruise ships.In terms of domestic tourism, in the year 2006 were counted by the tolls in the country 120.259.526 vehicles, 8.331.334 more than in the year 2005 when mobilized 111.928.192 vehicles, representing an increase of the 7.44% compared to the year 2005. Of the total number of tourists who entered by the control points of the DAS in 2006, 520.238 stayed in the Department of Cundinamarca, followed in importance Bolivar with a participation of the 12.29% (129.481) and Antioch with the 9.49% (99.926). Travel the country received US $1.117 million currency and US $338 million for air transport of passengers, registering annual growth rates of 30% and 29%, respectively. The cities of Bogota and Cartagena in the same period registered the highest percentages of occupation with 70.7% and 67.8% respectively. At the departmental level, Norte de Santander and Antioquia recorded higher occupations with the 57.3% and 56.2% respectively. The increase is due to the Government's policy to improve the security of the country and trust that have generated schemes such as Vive Colombia, travels by it and scheduled tours guides.Note that famous tour guide Lonely Planet picked Colombia as one of the Top 10 world destinations.